diff --git a/input-emulation/Cargo.toml b/input-emulation/Cargo.toml
index 042091c..76a841a 100644
--- a/input-emulation/Cargo.toml
+++ b/input-emulation/Cargo.toml
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ tokio = { version = "1.32.0", features = [
 once_cell = "1.19.0"
 
 [target.'cfg(all(unix, not(target_os="macos")))'.dependencies]
+bitflags = "2.6.0"
 wayland-client = { version = "0.31.1", optional = true }
 wayland-protocols = { version = "0.32.1", features = [
     "client",
@@ -42,6 +43,8 @@ ashpd = { version = "0.10", default-features = false, features = [
     "tokio",
 ], optional = true }
 reis = { version = "0.4", features = ["tokio"], optional = true }
+keycode = "0.4.0"
+
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os="macos")'.dependencies]
 bitflags = "2.6.0"
diff --git a/input-emulation/src/wlroots.rs b/input-emulation/src/wlroots.rs
index df18ed1..56d5c21 100644
--- a/input-emulation/src/wlroots.rs
+++ b/input-emulation/src/wlroots.rs
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@ use crate::error::EmulationError;
 
 use super::{error::WlrootsEmulationCreationError, Emulation};
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use bitflags::bitflags;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::io;
 use std::os::fd::{AsFd, OwnedFd};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 use wayland_client::backend::WaylandError;
 use wayland_client::WEnum;
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ use wayland_client::{
     Connection, Dispatch, EventQueue, QueueHandle,
 };
 
-use input_event::{Event, KeyboardEvent, PointerEvent};
+use input_event::{scancode, Event, KeyboardEvent, PointerEvent};
 
 use super::error::WaylandBindError;
 use super::EmulationHandle;
@@ -103,7 +105,11 @@ impl State {
             panic!("no keymap");
         }
 
-        let vinput = VirtualInput { pointer, keyboard };
+        let vinput = VirtualInput {
+            pointer,
+            keyboard,
+            modifiers: Arc::new(Mutex::new(XMods::empty())),
+        };
 
         self.input_for_client.insert(client, vinput);
     }
@@ -174,6 +180,7 @@ impl Emulation for WlrootsEmulation {
 struct VirtualInput {
     pointer: Vp,
     keyboard: Vk,
+    modifiers: Arc<Mutex<XMods>>,
 }
 
 impl VirtualInput {
@@ -212,6 +219,13 @@ impl VirtualInput {
             Event::Keyboard(e) => match e {
                 KeyboardEvent::Key { time, key, state } => {
                     self.keyboard.key(time, key, state as u32);
+                    if let Ok(mut mods) = self.modifiers.lock() {
+                        if mods.from_key_event(key, state) {
+                            log::trace!("Key triggers modifier change");
+                            log::trace!("Modifiers: {:?}", mods);
+                            self.keyboard.modifiers(mods.bits(), 0, 0, 0);
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 KeyboardEvent::Modifiers {
                     depressed: mods_depressed,
@@ -279,3 +293,47 @@ impl Dispatch<WlSeat, ()> for State {
         }
     }
 }
+
+// From X11/X.h
+bitflags! {
+    #[repr(C)]
+    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
+    struct XMods: u32 {
+        const ShiftMask = (1<<0);
+        const LockMask = (1<<1);
+        const ControlMask = (1<<2);
+        const Mod1Mask = (1<<3);
+        const Mod2Mask = (1<<4);
+        const Mod3Mask = (1<<5);
+        const Mod4Mask = (1<<6);
+        const Mod5Mask = (1<<7);
+    }
+}
+
+impl XMods {
+    fn from_key_event(&mut self, key: u32, state: u8) -> bool {
+        if let Ok(key) = scancode::Linux::try_from(key) {
+            log::trace!("Attempting to process modifier from: {:#?}", key);
+            let mask = match key {
+                scancode::Linux::KeyLeftShift | scancode::Linux::KeyRightShift => XMods::ShiftMask,
+                scancode::Linux::KeyCapsLock => XMods::LockMask,
+                scancode::Linux::KeyLeftCtrl | scancode::Linux::KeyRightCtrl => XMods::ControlMask,
+                scancode::Linux::KeyLeftAlt | scancode::Linux::KeyRightalt => XMods::Mod1Mask,
+                scancode::Linux::KeyLeftMeta | scancode::Linux::KeyRightmeta => XMods::Mod4Mask,
+                _ => XMods::empty(),
+            };
+            // unchanged
+            if mask.is_empty() {
+                log::trace!("{:#?} is not a modifier key", key);
+                return false;
+            }
+            match state {
+                1 => self.insert(mask),
+                _ => self.remove(mask),
+            }
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+}